Document

Overview

Dash Platform is based on document-oriented database concepts and uses related terminology. In short, JSON documents are stored into document collections which can then be fetched back using a query language similar to common document-oriented databases like MongoDB, CouchDB, or Firebase.

Documents are defined in an application’s Data Contract and represent the structure of application-specific data. Each document consists of one or more fields and the indices necessary to support querying.

Details

Base Fields

Dash Platform Protocol (DPP) defines a set of base fields that must be present in all documents. For the reference implementation, the base fields shown below are defined in the document base schema.

Field Name	Description
$id	The document ID (32 bytes)
$type	Document type defined in the referenced contract
$revision	Document revision (=>1)
$dataContract	Data contract the document is associated with
$ownerId	Identity of the user submitting the document (32 bytes)
$createdAt	Time (in milliseconds) the document was created
$updatedAt	Time (in milliseconds) the document was last updated

🚧 Timestamp fields

Note: The $createdAt and $updatedAt fields will only be present in documents that add them to the list of required properties.

Data Contract Fields

Each application defines its own fields via document definitions in its data contract. Details of the DPNS data contract documents are described below as an example. This contract defines two document types (preorder and domain) and provides the functionality described in the Name Service explanation.

Document Type	Field Name	Data Type
preorder	saltedDomainHash	string
—	—	—
domain	label	string
domain	normalizedLabel	string
domain	parentDomainName	string
domain	normalizedParentDomainName	string
domain	preorderSalt	array (bytes)
domain	records	object
domain	records.dashUniqueIdentityId	array (bytes)
domain	records.dashAliasIdentityId	array (bytes)
domain	subdomainRules	object
domain	subdomainRules.allowSubdomains	boolean

Example Document

The following example shows the structure of a DPNS domain document as output from JSON.stringify(). Note the $ prefix indicating the base fields.

 {
  "$id": "3AhZ5h63ZrFJXfE3YP3iEFVxyndYWPMxR9fSEaMo67QJ",
  "$ownerId": "6TGHW8WBcNzFrWwAueGtqtAah7w98EELFZ7xdTHegnvH",
  "label": "DQ-Jasen-82083",
  "normalizedLabel": "dq-jasen-82083",
  "normalizedParentDomainName": "dash",
  "parentDomainName": "dash",
  "preorderSalt": "bcCSdtGqqZdXBQB4DDBIU2RPAwFDFt9tMr0LX6m5qCQ=",
  "records": {
    "dashUniqueIdentityId": "UQTRY+wqPyL27V7YjJadJdyXVBETj6CfzvqUg5aY5E4="
  },
  "subdomainRules": {
    "allowSubdomains": false
  },
  "$revision": 1,
  "$createdAt": null,
  "$updatedAt": null,
  "$dataContract": {
    // Truncated ...
   },
  "$type": "domain"
}

Document Submission

Once a document has been created, it must be encapsulated in a State Transition to be sent to the platform. The structure of a document state transition is shown below. For additional details, see the State Transition explanation.

Field Name	Description
protocolVersion	Dash Platform Protocol version (currently 1)
type	State transition type (1 for documents)
ownerId	Identity submitting the document(s)
transitions	Document create, replace, or delete transitions (up to 10 objects)
signaturePublicKeyId	The id of the identity public key that signed the state transition
signature	Signature of state transition data

Document Create

The document create transition is used to create a new document on Dash Platform. The document create transition extends the base schema to include the following additional fields:

Field	Type	Description
$entropy	array (32 bytes)	Entropy used in creating the document ID
$createdAt	integer	(Optional) Time (in milliseconds) the document was created
$updatedAt	integer	(Optional) Time (in milliseconds) the document was last updated

Document Replace

The document replace transition is used to update the data in an existing Dash Platform document. The document replace transition extends the base schema to include the following additional fields:

Field	Type	Description
$revision	integer	Document revision (=> 1)
$updatedAt	integer	(Optional) Time (in milliseconds) the document was last updated

Document Delete

The document delete transition is used to delete an existing Dash Platform document. It only requires the fields found in the base document transition.

📘

For more detailed information, see the Platform Protocol Reference - Document page.